What endometriosis is
Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus. It can cause pain, heavy periods, and, in some cases, effects on fertility.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis usually combines history, exam, and imaging. Definitive diagnosis often requires laparoscopy, which is not always necessary before starting treatment for fertility purposes.
Fertility implications
Endometriosis can affect fertility through several mechanisms. Many people with endometriosis conceive, sometimes with support. Your evaluation will look at ovarian reserve, tubal factors, and other variables alongside the diagnosis.
Treatment paths
Options include expectant management, medical treatment, surgical treatment, or fertility treatment (IUI or IVF), chosen based on your goals and stage. Not every case benefits from surgery before IVF — your physician will discuss the trade-offs.